Facial FAQ
What are the types of skin? How are they formed? How to distinguish them? What kind of skin care products should be used for each type?
The types of skin and the care methods vary significantly depending on the type. The following is a scientific classification and corresponding care recommendations:
I. Classification of skin types and causes of formation
1. Dry skin
• Characteristics: thin stratum corneum, easy to dandruff, small pores, easy to grow fine lines.
• Causes: insufficient secretion of sebaceous glands, reduction of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) or impaired barrier function (such as dry climate, excessive cleaning).
• How to distinguish: Do not apply skin care products after cleansing, and feel tight within 1 hour, which may be accompanied by itching.
2. Oily skin
• Characteristics: large pores, dull skin color, easy to produce oil, and easy to get acne.
• Causes: Overactive sebaceous glands (affected by hormones, genetics, and high GI diet).
• How to distinguish: 2-3 hours after cleansing, the whole face is oily, and there are obvious oil stains when pressing with a tissue.
3. Neutral skin
• Characteristics: balanced water and oil, fine pores, not easy to be sensitive.
• Cause: innate balance of sebum secretion and barrier function, relatively rare (common in children).
4. Combination skin
• Characteristics: oily T-zone, dry or neutral cheeks.
• Cause: dense sebaceous glands in T-zone, fewer sebaceous glands in cheeks, affected by environment or improper care.
5. Sensitive skin
• Characteristics: easy to redden, burn, sting, may be accompanied by capillary dilation.
• Cause: damaged barrier (excessive exfoliation, abuse of hormones), ceramide deficiency or abnormal immune response.
6. Aging skin
• Characteristics: sagging, wrinkles, decreased elasticity.
• Cause: loss of collagen (ultraviolet rays, free radicals, natural aging).
2. Scientific methods to distinguish skin types
1. Observation method:
Dry: tight and flaky after cleansing.
Oily: shiny all day, clogged pores.
Combination: There is a clear difference between the T-zone and the cheeks.
2. Instrument detection:
Skin moisture/oil tester (such as Corneometer, Sebumeter).
3, Targeted care plan
Dry skin
• Cleansing: APG surfactant cleanser (such as glucosides), avoid soap base.
• Moisturizing: Contains ceramide (repair barrier), urea (5%-10% moisturizing), squalane.
• Sealing agent: Vaseline or lanolin (for night use).
• Contraindications: Avoid alcohol and high concentrations of acids.
Oily skin
• Cleansing: Mild amino acid cleanser (such as sodium cocoyl glycinate), salicylic acid (2%) exfoliation 1-2 times a week.
• Oil control: Niacinamide (4%), zinc (PCA zinc), green tea polyphenols.
• Sunscreen: Oil-free formula (such as zinc oxide physical sunscreen).
• Myth: Excessive degreasing will stimulate the sebaceous glands to rebound secretion.
Combination skin
• Zone care:
T zone: light oil control (such as toner containing witch hazel).
Cheeks: moisturizer (such as B5 panthenol).
Sensitive skin
• Repair: Contains centella asiatica, bisabolol (anti-inflammatory), cholesterol (lipid supplement).
• Simplify the steps: avoid superimposing too many active ingredients (such as acid + retinol).
• Testing: New products need to be patch tested behind the ear first.
Aging skin
• Anti-aging:
Daytime: Vitamin C (10%-15%) + sunscreen (anti-photoaging).
Nighttime: Retinol (starting at 0.1%-0.3%) stimulates collagen.
• Auxiliary: Radio frequency beauty device (stimulates the dermis).
What are the steps for daily skin care?
The core steps of daily skin care need to be adjusted according to skin type and needs, but the scientific basic process can be divided into the following links (arranged in order):
#I. Basic skin care steps (both morning and night)
1. Cleanse
• Function: remove oil, pollutants and metabolic waste to avoid clogged pores.
• Eminence product recommendation:
Dry/sensitive skin: Calm Skin Chamomile Cleanser
Oily/combination skin: Clear Skin Probiotic Cleanser
• Note:
Water temperature 32-34℃ (too cold or too hot will damage the barrier).
Dry skin can only use water in the morning.
2. Toner
• Function: adjust pH value, hydrate, and assist subsequent absorption.
• Type selection:
Moisturizing type: contains hyaluronic acid
Oil control type: contains witch hazel, PCA zinc
Sensitive skin: avoid alcohol and fragrance
3. Serum
• Function: Targeted solution to skin problems (high concentration of active ingredients).
• Eminence product recommendations:
Whitening: Bright Skin Licorice Root Booster Serum (Eminence)
Anti-aging: Citrus & Kale potent C + E Serum (Eminence)
Repair: Bamoo Firming Fluid (Eminence)
4. Eye Cream
• Function: The skin around the eyes is thin, and special products are needed to prevent dry lines.
Eminence product recommendations:
Marine Flower Peptide Eye Cream (50 Year up)
Neroli Age Corrective Eye Cream (Under 50 Years old)
5. Moisturize
• Function: Seal moisture and strengthen the barrier.
• Eminence product recommendations:
Oily skin: Echinacea Recover Cream
Dry skin: Bakuchiol + Niacinamide Moisturizer
6. Sunscreen
• Function: Prevent photoaging (ultraviolet rays cause 80% of skin aging).
• Key points:
Use daily (including cloudy days), SPF30 or above, PA+++.
Eminence product recommendations:
Bright Skin Moisturizer SPF 40
Randiant Protection SPF Fluid
#2. Nighttime enhancement steps
1. Makeup removal (only for makeup or waterproof sunscreen)
• Principle:
Oily: Makeup remover/gel
Dry: Makeup remover/cream
Eminence product recommendations:
Stone Crop Cleansing Oil
2. Periodic care
• Exfoliation (1-2 times/week):
Chemical exfoliation: fruit acid (5%-10%), salicylic acid (0.5%-2%).
Sensitive skin should avoid physical scrubs
Eminence product recommendations:
Stone Crop Oxygenating Fizzofoliant
Strawberry Rhubarb Dermafoliant
#3, Mask:
Moisturizing: medical dressing (can restore human collagen).
Cleansing: Mud mask (Kiehl's white mud), once a week for oily skin.
Eminence product recommendation:
Eight Greens Phto Masque - Hot
Strawberry Rhubarb Massque
#4. Adjustment of steps for different skin types
Oily skin: You can skip the lotion in the morning and go directly to sunscreen
Dry skin: Add skin care oil before essence
Sensitive skin: Simplify to cleansing + moisturizing + sunscreen
Combination skin: Use oil-control essence on the T zone and apply moisturizer thickly on the cheeks
#5. Precautions
1. Product stacking order: Texture from light to heavy (water → essence → lotion →cream).
2. Active ingredient conflict:
Avoid direct mixing of vitamin C (acidic) and niacinamide (alkaline).
Retinol should not be used with high-concentration acids.
3. Reapply sunscreen: Apply once every 2 hours outdoors, with an amount of about 1 yuan coin size.
#6. Sample process
Morning: clean water/face wash → vitamin C essence → moisturizing lotion →sunscreen
Night: makeup removal → face wash → toner → niacinamide essence → eye cream → retinol → face cream
Persist for 4-6 weeks to see obvious results. For sensitive skin, it is recommended to do a local test first.